Mapped: The Economies Most Dependent on U.S. Trade

Which Economies Rely Most on U.S. Trade?

When U.S. trade policy shifts, some economies barely notice. For others, trade with the U.S. is large enough to noticeably influence economic growth.

The differences are striking: some major economies have deep trade ties to the U.S., while others are far less exposed relative to the size of their economies.

This graphic maps each country’s goods trade with the U.S. (exports plus imports) as a share of GDP in 2025, using data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the U.S. International Trade Commission, the World Trade Organization, and the IMF.

Why Vietnam Ranks Nearly as High as Mexico

Vietnam’s economy runs on trade: its exports and imports together were worth 190% of its GDP in 2025.

The U.S. is Vietnam’s largest export market, and bilateral trade equals 44% of Vietnam’s GDP, second only to Mexico among large economies.

The table below ranks the 25 economies with GDP above $100 billion where trade with the U.S. is largest relative to GDP:

Rank	Country (GDP over $100B)	Trade With the U.S. (% of GDP)
1	Mexico	47.8
2	Vietnam	43.9
3	Canada	31.3
4	Taiwan	28.2
5	Costa Rica	23.7
6	Ireland	21.3
7	Thailand	19.7
8	Malaysia	19.0
9	Switzerland	17.3
10	Dominican Republic	16.2
11	Ecuador	13.9
12	Singapore	13.3
13	Guatemala	12.9
14	Chile	11.0
15	South Korea	10.6
16	Netherlands	9.7
17	Hong Kong	9.1
18	Belgium	8.8
19	Colombia	8.3
20	Venezuela	6.9
21	United Arab Emirates	6.9
22	Peru	6.9
23	Hungary	6.2
24	Israel	5.7
25	Philippines	5.6

Goods trade with the U.S. (exports plus imports) as a share of GDP in 2025. Includes economies with GDP of about $100 billion or more.

Vietnam’s exports to the U.S. rose 28.1% to more than $153 billion in 2025, led by computers and electronics amid American efforts to reduce supply chain dependence on China.

Taiwan, where goods trade with the U.S. equals 28% of GDP, saw exports to the U.S. rise 78% to $198.3 billion in 2025. Together with Vietnam, Thailand (20%), and Malaysia (19%), four of the eight large economies most exposed to U.S. trade are major hubs in the supply chains behind the world’s electronics.

America’s Biggest Partners Are Often Less Exposed

Mexico and Canada are the only trillion-dollar economies in the top 10, with U.S. trade equal to 48% and 31% of GDP, respectively. For Canada, energy is a major part of that relationship: 90.1% of its crude oil exports went to the U.S. in 2025.

Across economies of all sizes, several smaller countries rank even higher. Nicaragua (34%), Cambodia (34%), and Honduras (32%) all rank above Canada, as apparel and assembly industries tie them closely to U.S. demand.

The full dataset below ranks every economy with available data, including smaller ones:

Rank	Country	Trade With the U.S. (% of GDP)
1	Mexico	47.8
2	Vietnam	43.9
3	Nicaragua	33.9
4	Cambodia	33.6
5	Honduras	32.0
6	Canada	31.3
7	Taiwan	28.2
8	Guyana	25.0
9	Costa Rica	23.7
10	Trinidad and Tobago	22.9
11	Ireland	21.3
12	Thailand	19.7
13	Malaysia	19.0
14	El Salvador	18.7
15	Switzerland	17.3
16	Dominican Republic	16.2
17	Aruba	14.6
18	Grenada	14.6
19	Ecuador	13.9
20	Jamaica	13.6
21	Singapore	13.3
22	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	12.9
23	Guatemala	12.9
24	Laos	12.3
25	Suriname	12.2
26	Chile	11.0
27	Panama	10.6
28	South Korea	10.6
29	Paraguay	10.2
30	Micronesia	9.8
31	Netherlands	9.7
32	Dominica	9.2
33	Hong Kong	9.1
34	Belgium	8.8
35	Jordan	8.8
36	Barbados	8.7
37	Colombia	8.3
38	Palau	7.2
39	Venezuela	6.9
40	United Arab Emirates	6.9
41	Peru	6.9
42	Fiji	6.8
43	Hungary	6.2
44	Lesotho	6.2
45	Georgia	5.9
46	Haiti	5.8
47	Israel	5.7
48	Philippines	5.6
49	Bahrain	5.5
50	South Africa	5.4
51	Japan	5.2
52	Slovakia	5.0
53	Libya	4.9
54	Lithuania	4.8
55	Germany	4.8
56	Iceland	4.7
57	Italy	4.7
58	Samoa	4.6
59	Djibouti	4.6
60	Slovenia	4.6
61	Uruguay	4.2
62	Brazil	4.2
63	Nigeria	4.1
64	Morocco	4.1
65	United Kingdom	4.1
66	Austria	4.1
67	Madagascar	4.0
68	Vanuatu	3.9
69	India	3.9
70	Sweden	3.8
71	Tuvalu	3.8
72	New Zealand	3.8
73	Denmark	3.7
74	Malta	3.6
75	Gabon	3.6
76	France	3.6
77	Finland	3.5
78	Liberia	3.5
79	Australia	3.4
80	Egypt	3.4
81	Czechia	3.3
82	Indonesia	3.3
83	Liechtenstein	3.2
84	Oman	3.2
85	Iraq	3.1
86	Estonia	3.1
87	Lebanon	3.0
88	Qatar	3.0
89	Tunisia	2.8
90	Togo	2.8
91	Poland	2.8
92	Argentina	2.7
93	Gambia	2.7
94	Tonga	2.7
95	Bangladesh	2.7
96	Namibia	2.7
97	Portugal	2.7
98	Côte d’Ivoire	2.7
99	Spain	2.6
100	Kuwait	2.5
101	Latvia	2.5
102	Turkey	2.4
103	Democratic Republic of the Congo	2.3
104	Luxembourg	2.3
105	Ethiopia	2.3
106	China	2.2
107	Ghana	2.2
108	Sierra Leone	2.2
109	Pakistan	2.2
110	Norway	2.2
111	North Macedonia	2.0
112	Bulgaria	2.0
113	Saudi Arabia	2.0
114	Ukraine	1.8
115	Senegal	1.8
116	Republic of the Congo	1.8
117	Greece	1.7
118	San Marino	1.7
119	Kazakhstan	1.7
120	Timor-Leste	1.7
121	Croatia	1.6
122	Maldives	1.6
123	Mauritius	1.6
124	Benin	1.5
125	Bolivia	1.5
126	Equatorial Guinea	1.5
127	Botswana	1.5
128	Zambia	1.5
129	Angola	1.5
130	Cabo Verde	1.4
131	Mauritania	1.4
132	São Tomé and Príncipe	1.4
133	Kenya	1.4
134	Eswatini (Swaziland)	1.4
135	Brunei	1.3
136	Mozambique	1.3
137	Solomon Islands	1.3
138	Romania	1.3
139	Algeria	1.3
140	Serbia	1.2
141	Mongolia	1.1
142	Myanmar (Burma)	1.1
143	Kiribati	1.1
144	Seychelles	1.1
145	South Sudan	1.0
146	Moldova	0.9
147	Albania	0.9
148	Kyrgyzstan	0.9
149	Nauru	0.8
150	Cameroon	0.8
151	Guinea	0.8
152	Uzbekistan	0.7
153	Cyprus	0.7
154	Armenia	0.7
155	Azerbaijan	0.7
156	Macau	0.7
157	Yemen	0.6
158	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.6
159	Montenegro	0.6
160	Nepal	0.5
161	Rwanda	0.5
162	Tanzania	0.5
163	Malawi	0.5
164	Papua New Guinea	0.5
165	Uganda	0.5
166	Central African Republic	0.5
167	Chad	0.4
168	Somalia	0.4
169	Kosovo	0.4
170	Andorra	0.3
171	Bhutan	0.3
172	Guinea-Bissau	0.3
173	Burkina Faso	0.3
174	Afghanistan	0.2
175	Zimbabwe	0.2
176	Tajikistan	0.2
177	Turkmenistan	0.2
178	Comoros	0.2
179	Burundi	0.2
180	Russia	0.2
181	Mali	0.1
182	Sudan	0.1
183	Niger	0.1
184	Belarus	0.0
185	Iran	0.0
186	Puerto Rico	0.0
—	Global Average	6.5

Goods trade with the U.S. (exports plus imports) as a share of GDP in 2025.

China sits at just 2%, about one-third of the global average. Despite the enormous value of U.S.-China trade, it is relatively small compared with China’s $19.6 trillion economy and its trade with the rest of the world. Germany and Japan, two other major economies, are both at 5%.

Switzerland (17%) is Europe’s most exposed economy after Ireland (21%). That exposure became costly in 2025, when the U.S. imposed a 39% tariff on many Swiss exports from August to November before a framework deal reduced it to 15%.

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• Source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/mapped-economies-most-exposed-to-trade-with-us/