Visualized: Future Electricity Usage by Country (2024–2035)
As global electrification ramps up, electricity demand in major economies is expected to rise, driving a corresponding increase in demand for copper, the metal that powers the modern energy grid.
This graphic, sponsored by BHP, utilizes data from Ember, the World Bank, and the Lowy Institute to visualize the projected growth in electricity consumption and GDP per capita across five major economies between 2024 and 2035.
Electricity Usage Growth and Decline
Estimates of each country’s electricity consumption in 2024 were released in 2025, whereas projections for 2035 consumption were formed back in 2021.
Together, these five economies are projected to increase their electricity consumption by 500 terawatt hours (TWh) by 2035.
| Country | 2024 TWh | 2035 TWh | Projected Change in GDP Per Capita |
|---|---|---|---|
 China |
10,059 | 9,956 | 31.2% |
 U.S. |
4,401 | 4,401 | 11.0% |
 India |
2,055 | 2,385 | 52.1% |
 Japan |
1,022 | 954 | 15.3% |
 Indonesia |
373 | 711 | 47.7% |
- China, already the world’s largest electricity consumer, is expected to decline/stagnate from 10,059 TWh to 9,956 TWh.
- The U.S. will see demand remain around 4,401 TWh— enough to charge more than 2 billion Tesla Model 3s.
- India’s consumption will jump from 2,055 TWh to 2,385 TWh, narrowing the gap with advanced economies.
- Japan will decline in electricity consumption from 1,022 TWh to 954 TWh.
- Indonesia’s electricity use will double, climbing from 373 TWh to 711 TWh.
Growth in GDP per capita is one of the most significant contributors to the projected increase in electricity consumption. As economies grow, inhabitants gain the ability to purchase technologies that consume more electricity.
Where Copper Comes In
Copper’s exceptional conductivity makes it indispensable across the power system, from high-voltage transmission lines to home wiring and electric vehicles. It’s the backbone of moving electricity.
As countries expand their grids and scale clean energy, copper demand is set to rise sharply.
Renewables such as wind and solar can use up to 5x more copper than conventional generation, and electric vehicles use up to 4x more than internal-combustion models.
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- Source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/sp/visualized-future-electricity-usage-by-country-2024-2035/
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