A self-healing hydrogel electrolyte based on carboxymethyl cellulose with synergistic structural reinforcement and ion transport regulation for flexible zinc-ion batteries

Green Chem., 2026, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D6GC01094F, Paper

Lei Gou, Degong Zhang, Wei Wang, Wenzhuo Ma, Yanjing Wang, Ganlin Yang, Shuyang Luo, Xiaoyong Fan
CMC-B-0.2 electrolyte is formed by borate ester bonds, Zn²⁺ coordination and hydrogen bonding. It delivers high strength and fast self-healing. B–O groups regulate Zn²⁺ solvation sheath, lower desolvation barrier and homogenize interfacial ion flux.
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